For decades, companies relied on a 1977 precedent, Trans World Airlines v. Hardison, which allowed them to deny such requests if they caused more than a minimal, or “de minimis,” cost. The Court has now clarified that this standard was too lenient toward employers.
In its 9-0 decision, the Court ruled that employers must grant accommodations unless they can prove the request would impose “substantial increased costs” or an undue hardship on their business operations. This redefines the balance between an employee’s right to practice their faith and the employer’s operational needs.
Justice Samuel Alito, writing for the Court, emphasized that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act requires employers to respect workers’ religious practices while maintaining fairness in the workplace. The updated standard aligns more closely with other federal protections, such as those under the Americans with Disabilities Act.
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