Vertical Stripes: These common lines running from the cuticle to the tip are usually harmless, often appearing as we age. However, in some cases, they may indicate nutritional deficiencies like low levels of vitamin B12, magnesium, or iron. While typically benign, a sudden increase in vertical ridges could signal underlying conditions like anemia or thyroid dysfunction.
Horizontal Stripes (Beau’s Lines): These indentations are more concerning. They can occur after physical trauma or signal systemic issues such as malnutrition, uncontrolled diabetes, or even a heart attack. Stressful events or serious illnesses can disrupt nail growth, leading to these distinctive lines. The NCBI notes that abrupt formation of Beau’s lines can indicate acute illnesses like pneumonia, Kawasaki disease, or coronary thrombosis.
White Stripes (Muehrcke’s Lines): Parallel white horizontal lines on nails may suggest liver or kidney issues. Unlike Beau’s lines, these lines don’t create grooves and tend to fade temporarily when pressed. A decrease in blood protein levels, particularly albumin, can cause these white stripes, often associated with malnutrition or chronic liver disease.
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